Reversing-gearing.



Patented Dec. Il, |900.

W. F. JAENECKE.

REVERSING GEAFHNGY {Applicaenm mad Feb, s, 190m (N0 Model.)

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Wmme/y UNTTnTn STATES PATENT Ottica@ NVILHELM F. JAENECKE, OF BRADFORD, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR -OF ONE-HALF TO GEORGE L. ALLEN, OF SAME PLACE.

REVERSING-GEARING.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N o. 663,546, dated December 1 1, 1900.

Appiication niet February s, 1900. semi No. 4,528. (No man.)

'o all whom t 771,04/ concern.-

Beit known that I, WILHELM F. J AENECKE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Bradford, in the county of McKean and State of Pennsylvania, have invented new and useful Reversing-Gearing, of which the following is a specification.

My inventionrelates to improvements in gearing of that class which employ fast and loose members on a single shaft and adapted to allow The latter to remain at rest or to be driven by the joint action of the members.

The primary object of this invention is to pro vide a gearing of this type which is adapted to drive the shaft in the same direction as the driving` member or in an opposite direction thereto, whereby the shaft may be reversed through the medium of the clutch.

A further object is to simplify and improve the general construction of the device to the end that the several gear elements are housed or contained wholly Within the members, so as to be protected from accumulations of dust and dirt, and, furthermore, to provide an improved external clutch mechanism which is powerful in action and easily operated or controlled.

Further objects and advantages will appear in the course of the subjoined description, and the novel combination of elements and construction of parts will be defined in the claims. v

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a plan view of a clutch embodying my improvements. Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional View in the plane of the longitudinal axis of the shaft and indicated by the dotted line 2 2 on Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a section at right angles to Eig. 2,- taken in the plane of the dotted line 3 3 on Fig. 2 looking in the direction of the arrow. Fig. 4 is a View similar to Fig, 3, taken in the plane of the dotted line 4 4 on Fig. 2 looking' 10 designates a horizontal shaft which is' mounted in bearings 11 of any suitable char'- acter.

One member of the improved clutch isv in'- dicated by 12, and it consists of a hub 13, a web 14, and an annular rim 15, all made, preferably, in a single casting. This part 12 constitutes the central member of a threepart clutch, because it is arranged between two other members, which are respectively the driving and driven members of the clutch. This central clutch member has its hub 13 fitted loosely on the shaft 10, and in one face of the lweb 14, forming a part of said central member, is a recess 16, which forms an an-v nular internal brake-surface 17, with which is adapted to engage the shoes of an internal brake mechanism, as will hereinafter appear.

The driving member of the clutch is indicated by the numeral 18, and it is mounted loosely on the shaft 10, so as to lie on one side of the transverse plane of the central member, a part of this driving member 18 being housed or contained Within the rim 15 of the central member. The driving member is in the form of a disk having on its outer exposed side an annular band-surface 19, adapted to receive a belt which is driven from any suitable source of power for the purpose of positively rotating the driving member,said bandsurfaee being offset laterally from the plane of the central member rim 15 in order that the belt may pass at all times around the same. The driving member is in opposing relation to the web 14 of the central member, and on the inner face of said driving member, near the periphery thereof, is an annular series of bevel-gear teeth 20, which are adapted to mesh simultaneously with aseries of radiallydisposed bevel gear-pinions 24.

'lhe driven member 21 of the clutch is mounted on the shaft, so as to be fast therewith for the purpose of rotating the shaft when said driven member is rotated, and this driven member is disposed on the opposite side of the web forming a part of the central member from the loosely-mounted driving member 18. The driven member is provided with a hub 22, which may be keyed to the shaft, and said .member is in opposing relation to the web of the central member. Fn rthermore, said driven member lies within the plane`of the rim of the central member, and on the inner face of this driven member, near the periphery thereof, is an annular series of bevel-gear teeth 23, which are similar to the bevel-gear teeth on the driving member.

The series ofbevel gear-pinions 24 are disposed between the driving and driven members, so as to intermesh directly with the gearteeth thereon, and the pinions constituting` said annular series are spaced at proper intervals apart and disposedradially tothe axis i of the shaft, as shown by Fig. 3. Each pinion is tted in an opening provided in the web of the central member beyond the recess 16 thereof, and each pinion is provided with a shaft 26, the inner end of= which finds a bearing in the solid part of the web, which constitntes an element of the central member. The opening in which the pinion isarranged eX- tends through the rim 15, and said opening is closed by a plate or block 27, which is secured in the rim, so as to lie flush \viththe outer circular face thereof. It' will thus be seen that the radially-disposed pinions are mounted in and carried by the clutch member 12 and that thedrivirig member is geared to the pinionson one side, while the driven member is likewise geared to the pinions` on the other side thereof, whereby under some conditions ofservice the pinions transmit the motion of the drivingr member to thedriven member.

It will be understood that thecentralzmembei of my reversingsclutcli is mounted idly on` the shaft, as is also the driving member. As willhereinafter appear, it is desirable under some circumstances to eifecta rigid connection between certain elementse-that'isto say, thecentral and driven members-andl to effectsnchconnection I employ clutch mech anism which is carried by the driven meinber in position to operatively engage the annular friction-surface 17, heretofore referred to. In my device two friction-clutch mechanisms are employed, as will hereinafter appear, one clutch mechanism'serving to make the central memberfast with the driven member, as before recited, and theY other clutch mechanism serving to hold the central member 12 in a fixed position'with relation to both the driving and driven. members. In order to distinguish the clutch whichholds the cenu tral memberfast with the driven member from the other clutch mechanism, I will here` inafter term the first-named clutch an internal clutch, while the last-named brake mechanism may be designated as the external clutch mechanism. This internal clutch includes a pair of levers 28 29, (see Fig. 4,) which are curvedso as to lie on opposite sides of` the shaft, each lever being fnlcrumed at oneend, as at 30; to the inner faceof` the driven member. These levers are contained in the `recessed portion 16 of the centralmem `resist-an ce.Y

ber and a pair of clutch-shoes 31 are fitted in segmental recesses 32 and the levers, said clutch-shoes being of segmental form to conform to the annular friction-surface 17 of the central member web 14. I prefer to provide the clutch-surface 17in the form of a groove V-shaped in cross-section and to correspond ingly fashion the working faces of the clutchshoes in order to secure amaximum frictional Links 33 are pivoted individually to the free ends of the levers, and these links are connected at a common point to the inner lendr of, an operating-leven 34:, which` passes through an opening34 in the member 21. Said'lever is fulcrumed at 35 to the member 21 and its protruding end is received in a recess 38, Whichis providedin a collar 36, the latter being slidably fitted on` the hub 22 of thedriven member. '(SeeFig 2:) The collar is operatively connected with the freeend of the leverby a1ink37 and the movement of the collar in'one direction-operates the le Ver to apply the shoes, while a reverse move ment retracts` the shoes throughL the lever. Amy suitable means may be'providedlin lieu ofthe collar and lever forthe` operation of the'internaliclutch. The slidable collar may be's'hifted by a manually-operated lever 39;

whichv is arranged to world-in a grooved-part of* the collar. (Seei Figs; 1l and 2i) rIlhe external clutch-mechanism Whichlserves `t'o lock thecentral clutch member againsti rotation comprises a pair of levers 4041, arranged on opposite sides of theA longitudinal vertical axis ofthecliitch.V Each lever is fillerumed at a point intermediate of'its lengthon vaifixed post 42and on theupper ends off thelevers are provided theclutch or brake-shoes43, arranged to frictionally engage wit'li-the-rim of the central` clutch member. A-noperatingshaft 44 is journaledin-proper1 bearings 45, sitnatedibetweenithe `lower ends ofthe levers, and this shaft is provided with a crankdisk 46. The lower endsofthe levers and* the crankdisk are connectedl operatively together by the links 47, each of which isipivoted1 at one" end to' a` lever; while theother ends of the pair of links are pivotedlto the crank-disk at diametrically opposite point-s thereof. The operatingsliaft' for the externalclutehl may betiirned or rocked by any suitable device, such as by a-crank 48, and; if desired, meansv may be provided fori locking the shaft against turning, so-that the-clutch willremaininits appliedposition'Without at tention; It* is evident that' an axiall movementlof theishaft inone direction operates to turn thecrankedisk which moves the links to effect the simultaneous' operationrof the 1evers and a like application of theclutch` or brakesshoes totbe rim-15; butv byreversing the shaft thepartsare actiuatedto withdraw said shoes simultaneouslyfrom engagement with the rim.

In operation when it isdesired to actuate the driven element* inftheidirection of move- IOO IIO

ses, 54e

ment of the driving element the collar 36 is shifted by means of the lever 3Q to effect the actuation of the internal clutch, thereby rendering the driven member and the central member interdependent or relatively fixed. The driving element, which is mounted loosely on the shaft, as heretofore stated, Will now by reason of its connection with the pinions effect the synchronous rotation of the driven member. If, however, it is desired to reverse the movement of the driven memberthat is to say, to effect its rotation in a direction opposite to the rotation of the driving member-the internal clutch is released to permit the driven member to move independently of the central member. The external clutch is then applied to retain the central member immovable, and rotation of the driving member Will through the interposition of the pinions effect a reverse rotation of the driven member. The release of both the internal and external clutches Will render the device negative or inactive so far as the communication of motion from the driving to the driven element is concerned.

The gear-pinions may bear any suitable proportions to the gear-formed driving and driven members of the clutch, and in one embodiment of the invention I have found it practicable to make the proportions of these parts as one to six.

Although I have shown and described the member le as the driving member and the member 2l as the driven member for the purpose of propelling the shaft in one direction or the other through the medium of the clutch, which thus serves as a reversing-gear, it is perfectly obvious that this relation of the parts may be reversed without in any Way modifying or changing the principle of construction or mode of operation of my improved clutch. Such reversal of the parts of the clutch is especially advantageous when the improved construction is applied to and used in connection with a gas engine or other motor in which the shaft is continuously operated or rotated irrespective of the machine which is driven from the gas-engine or motor. Under these conditions the member 2l becomes the driving member, because it is fast with the shaft, while the other member 18 constitutes the driven member, having a beltsurface 19 or other power-transmitting applialice for the purpose of enabling the belt, sprocket-chain, or other mechanical contrivance to transmit the motion from this member 18 to the machine which is driven by the engine.

One of the important advantages of my improved clutch resides in the fact that the clutch may be thrown into and out of gear and reversed when running at a high speed, because the internal clutch mechanism may be brought into service gradually for the purpose of friction-ally engaging with ,the intermediate member, whereby the clutch may be started and reversed Without in any Wise involving injury to the gears or stripping the teeth thereof.

Changes within the scope of the appended claims may be made i'n the form and proportion of some of the parts, While their essential fealures are retained and the spirit of the invention is embodied. Hence I do not de.- sire to be limited to the precise form of all the parts, as shown, reserving the right to vary therefrom.

Having thus described the invention, what l claim isl. The combination with driving and driven members, of an intermediate member, gears carried by the intermediate memberin operative relation to the driving and driven members, an internal clutch carried by the driven member and located entirely Within the intermediate member, and a rotary actuating device exterior to thedriven member, and means for operatively connecting the rotary actuating device with the internal clutch.

2. The combination With driving and driven members, of an intermediate member, gears carried by the intermediate member in operative relation to the driving and driven members, an internal clutch located Within the plane of one side face of the intermediate member, and an internal clutch-actuating device extended through the driven member to the exterior thereof.

3. The combination 'With a shaft, a driving member loosely mounted thereon, a driven member fixed to the shaft, and an intermediate member carried by the shaft and comprising a recessed web, a rim encircling the peripheries of the driving and driven members, and gears intermediate of the web and rim and meshing with the driving and driven members, of an external clutch in operative relation to the rim, an internal clutch carried upon the inner side face of the driven 'member and located within the recess in the web of the intermediate member, and means upon the exterior of the driven member for actuating the internal clutch.

e. The combination With a shaft, a driving member, a driven member, an intermediate member provided with an annular recess 0pposed to, and closed by, the inner side Wall of the driven member, a clutch operatively related to the intermediate member and -designed to retain it against movement, an internal clutch located within the annular recess of the intermediate member and supported by the driven member, a slidable collar exterior to the driven member, and an 0perating-lever passed through the driven member and operatively connected to the internal clutch and to the sliding collar, respectively.

5. The combina-tion of ashaft, driving and driven members on said shaft, an intermediate member provided with a rim and carr ing gear-pinions which mesh With the driving and driven members, an internal clutch IOO IIO

meelanismzarranged to make the intermedi ate member fast; with the driven` member, a pair of clutch-levers provided withshoes dis-` posed to frictionally engage externally With the rim of thevintermediate member, a shaft having a crank-disk, and links` connecting said crank-disk with the pair of levers, sub- Stzmtially as described;

In testimony that elaln the foregoing a my owmI have hereto aixed myrsignaburein lo the presence of two witnesses.

WILHELM F. JAENECKE:

Witnesses:

GEORGEf L.` ALLEN, A WILLIAM DOBIE.` 

